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Tangled Bank 111

The Tangled Bank blog carnival is up at Denialism today and our post on the 13th century Eyre Square debacle is included, linked to by the following ditty:

Galway is a blackguard place,
To Cork I give my curse,
Tralee is bad enough,
But Limerick is worse.
Which is worst I cannot tell,
They’re everyone so filthy,
But of the towns which I have seen
Worst luck to Clonakilty..

There’s some great reading up there – the ‘Living the Scientific Life’ post on blue eyes blew me away, as well as recent witnessing of chimps fashioning spears and hunting bush babies at ‘Ionan Enchantment’, among other great posts – well worth spending a while exploring.

Assemblage IV

Gathering stuff from the internets on Beer, Archaeology, the Environment, Aquaponics and anything else that strikes us as interesting, since May.

On Charles Krauthammer and drilling oil in the Arctic, U2’s planning permission, binge drinking and the nanny state, the origins of Heather Ale, and God, hate crime and the desecration of the host.

Sometimes I enjoy Charles Krauthammer’s Irish Times tirades (syndicated from the Washington Post, I think), his Myers like contrariness and his frequent right wing diatribes. But todays environmentalist-baiting opinion piece just annoyed me. Every year, and particularly in the year of the run up to the US election, the question of drilling for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) and offshore on the US continental shelf is brought up for debate. And in todays IT CK does just that again. He presents his case couched in the usual rhetoric, trying to stampede public opinion with his ill researched panic-inducing commentary, with such gems as the current US government policy of outsourcing its oil production resulting in the pouring of money ‘into the treasuries of enemy and terror-supporting regimes’ and ‘growing dependence on unstable states of the Persian Gulf and Caspian basin’ in order to promote the neo-con agenda of US domestic drilling in environmentally sensitive and traditionally protected areas such as the ANWR.

His point about corrupt and dysfunctional States such as Nigeria controlling production beggars belief – that if US oil giants were allowed pursue the vast wealth of the Alaskan Refuge in their environmentally friendly ways, this would somehow negate the negative impact of other less conscientious exploration companies in those other terrible foreign places! But he fails to point out that, as we’ve noted on this blog before, notwithstanding the fact that offshore drilling will never likely have an impact on oil prices in the US (see here, here, here, here, and here) the cumulative effect of drilling in the ANWR (some commentators we’ve read have pointed out that the oft-quoted estimate repeated by CK that the oil giants only want an area ‘one-sixth the size of Dulles Airport that leaves untouched a refuge one-third the size of Britain’ is a vast underestimate and doesn’t include the additional infrastructure, roads, etc. For example see here) and the precedent it would set would alter the positive moves globally to enjoy our planet and its resources sustainably.

Back here in Irelandland, sustainable and responsible development took a blow with the decision by an Bórd Pleanála to allow the U2 led Clarence development to proceed, a proposal which we discussed here recently. Perhaps its panic that led them to allow the development, or I guess, as Garry Miley pointed out several months ago (in a Sunday Tribune article re-posted on his blog here) it was inevitable that they would be afraid to turn down a Norman Foster designed, U2 backed project and the international approbation and negative media attention it would attract. As Garry points out in another recent post ABP ‘have created a precedent for demolishing listed buildings so, if you have one you want to get rid of, now’s the time’ and, more seriously, that a dangerous precedent has been set regarding planning, facadism and the obvious double standards that exist in our planning system.

Visualisation of proposed Clarence Hotel

Visualisation of proposed Clarence Hotel

On beer, much has been said across the interweb about the nanny states of Ireland and her majesties kingdom of GB of the NI, and the continued efforts to control drinking and the exaggerated claims of binging and violence on the streets from Ballyheane to Birmingham. Beernut bemoans the recent kneejerk reaction of the Irish government and le craic discusses this reactionary new legislation forcing the closure of off-licences from 10pm, while Pete promises he’ll stop banging on about the binge drinking hysteria and neo-prohibitionism soon.

Really well researched post at Zythophile on the origins of heather ale here.He debates the origins of the drink and mentions the folktales surrounding heather ale and just how good it allegedly was, as well as its possible Norse origins.

But in fact the Irish have just as great a claim to be the home of heather ale, with good evidence that it was brewed in Ireland and exactly the same folk myths found in Ireland about “the most delicious drink the world has ever known” and the father and son who died to keep its recipe a secret that are also found in Scotland…

And finally for this Assemblage there’s religion, or more specifically, the month what was in it for Catholicism in the US. A story which didn’t garner much attention over here but certainly caused quite a stir in the blogworld in the US and A as well as the mainstream US press concerned Catholics getting very angry with PZ Myers and his sceptical cohorts. In short, a University student in what appears to have been an act of pique, and in a somewhat puerile act of defiance to his University funded Catholic church, took the host home with him and essentially kidnapped it. He’s returned it since, been accused of hate crime and summarily expelled from his University, but PZ Myers took up the cause and requested that people send him a host (or ‘cracker’ as he’s taken to calling it) which he duly ‘desecrated (for a rough sequence of events explaining it all see here, here, here (for ‘the Great Desecration post), here and here).

Pharyngula)

The Great Desecration (photo:Pharyngula)

The result as you can see from the posts linked to above – death threats and more… Despite the silliness of taking the host in the first place (and the fact that it’s just plain rude), the reaction of American Catholics has been seriously over the top. I can only imagine what a similar act would result in here.

Addendum: Late evening addition – Do go visit spEak You’re bRanes

Moore Group Flickr

We’ve set up a Flickr account for photos of the Eyre Square excavation results (and other material later). To date our collection is very small but we’ll add more over time. You can visit our photostream here and we’ve added a link on the left panel with our homepage links etc.. Oh, and this is our landmark 100th post, imagine that …

Galway Races

Moore Group’s offices will be empty due to the Galway Races on Thursday 31st July and Friday 1st August. We’ll all be dressed up and dapper for Ladies day and our annual outing.

Business as usual after the bank holiday on Tuesday.

Pole-axed in 13th century Eyre Square

Specially for the Races, here’s our breaking news about how visitors were treated in our pleasant town in the 13th century. We Irish pride ourselves on our supposedly hospitable and open nature, our open house, kettle always on the boil, door always open, receptive ways. But we may not always have been so pleasant to visitors.  Skeletons excavated by Moore Group archaeologists from just outside the Eyre Square Shopping centre date from the 13th century and appear to have experienced extremely violent deaths.

The remains, which were excavated during the Eyre Square Enhancement Project, date from between 1205 and 1305 AD according to recent Radio Carbon analysis results, and were killed as a result of head trauma.

One of the Eyre Square skeletons with arrow indicating trauma

Moore Groups paleo-pathologist, Camilla Lofqvist, has completed her analysis of the remains and says “that of the nine articulated but disturbed skeletons excavated from outside the entrance of the Eyre Square shopping centre, several of the individuals exhibited blunt and sharp force trauma to the skull, vertebrae and other body parts.” One of the skeletons was that of a young male (possible aged in his mid to late twenties) who had received a blow to the left side of the head. This blow was most likely the cause of death as the bone showed no traces of healing and might have been caused by a pole axe or a war hammer. This individual displayed bilateral os acromiale on his scapulae, a condition which is endemic to archers. A second young male displayed stab marks and puncture wounds to the thoracic vertebrae and a right rib exhibited a puncture wound”. According to Camilla “this suggests the likely cause of death was that he was stabbed in the back, either in an ambush or while running away from his attacker. A young adult female skeleton (in her twenties) is perhaps the most intriguing of all the burials. She displayed a well healed trauma to the left frontal bone and also displayed a trauma to the left parietal bone. The sub triangular shape of the wound suggests this might have been caused by a war hammer or a pick axe and it is possible the blow came from behind”. Another male exhibited a rectangular indentation/perforation on the right frontal bone which was probably caused by a blow to the head.

Eyre Square - Skeleton in situ

Eyre Square - Skeleton in situ

According to Billy Quinn, the licence holder/site director for the Eyre Square excavations, “this was a period of great change, Galway was a small Norman frontier town, a wild western outpost, with the Norman settlers constantly harried and harassed every time they ventured out of their fortification. Richard De Burgo’s castle (the town of Galway, at the time was a mere cluster of cabins nestled in the shadow of the castle – which was excavated by Dominick Delany in recent years) was destroyed a year after its construction in 1233, only to be rebuilt and destroyed again just over ten years later in 1247. Originally probably palisaded, the settlers in the town opted for a more secure stone wall by about 1272.”

These individuals met their ends violently and were found alongside other remains which probably date from the same period. We can only speculate whether they were Irish attackers or Norman defenders. Billy speculates that “the site may mark the location of a violent encounter between the besieged Normans and the recalcitrant Irish resulting in the deaths of several victims in combat and the final victims  being dispatched with fatal blows to their heads or by being stabbed in the back.”

Selction of possible weapons used in Eyre Square encounter - Poleaxes and arrowheads

Selction of possible weapons used in Eyre Square encounter - Poleaxes and arrowheads

The excavations were sponsored by Galway City Council.

Note on weapons: The 13th century saw the modification of swords, which could then rend a knight’s protective armour. Short stabbing daggers were also used, as were a variety of axes (some of which were equipped with spikes), clubs, maces, spears, crossbows, and the sling. The most significant development of weapons technology during this century was the longbow.  It is a possibility that the head wounds were caused by a weapon such as a poleaxe or arrow head.

A selection of additional photographs can be viewed on Flickr at http://www.flickr.com/photos/29052189@N04/.